Cerro de la Estrella National Park

The National Park stands on a volcanic formation that emitted underground gases for hundreds of years resulting in the formation of caves. It spans over an area of 100,000 hectares.

It is a place of great historical and archaeological importance. On the slopes were found remains of pre-classic Central American cultures, like Aztec temples (a ceremonial location of at least three-floors located between the church of San Lucas and the Cuitláhuac garden is known) and remains of the Fuego Nuevo ritual. The site still holds ceremonial relevance, for today a multitudinous re-enacting of the Passion of Christ is performed every Easter.

The facilities include a family area with games, a gazebo and areas for sports. The hill also boasts breathtaking views from the east of the city, allowing you to contemplate how traditional and modern come together in the area.

Why this hill matters. The Cerro de la Estrella —the Huizachtépetl of the early sources— was where the New Fire ceremony took place, the rite with which the Mexica closed a 52-year cycle: every fire in the valley was put out and a new one was lit on the summit, then carried out to the temples. Remains of preclassic cultures have been found on its slopes, along with traces of a ceremonial platform of at least three tiers, between the San Lucas church and the Cuitláhuac garden. The site has a museum devoted to the New Fire and caves formed by volcanic gases.

The Iztapalapa Passion. The hill's ceremonial role never stopped: every Holy Week it stages the Passion of Christ of Iztapalapa, one of the largest in the world, drawing hundreds of thousands of people, with local families inheriting the roles across generations. It is recognised as cultural heritage of the city; if you come on those days, expect closed streets, packed transport and strong sun on the climb.

What is there for visitors. Some 1,100 hectares with trails, a family area with playgrounds, a bandstand and sports facilities. The view from the top is among the best on the east side of the city: you can see how traditional Iztapalapa of old villages meets the urban one of housing blocks, with Popocatépetl behind it on clear days.

Getting there and advice. Cerro de la Estrella and Iztapalapa stations on metro Line 8 are the closest, with local transport from there to the entrances. Go in the morning: the climb is exposed and the midday sun is harsh. Bring water and shoes with firm soles, as the trails are dirt and loose stone.