The Franciscan missionaries undertook the task of building the Church and the Convent of San Bernardino de Siena in the sixteenth century. Part of the architectural complex was also a school where Indians were educated for nearly two centuries.

The church is surrounded by colorful traditions and festivities, for the people of Xochimilco usually worship the Niñopa here every Sunday and San Bernardino during May. Dances, a fair, rides and Mexican dishes predominate.